General Framework Structure in Selenium

Test Automation Frameworks
What is Framework?

A Test automation framework is an integrated system that can have the rules, standards and guidelines of automation of a specific application.

This system integrates the generic libraries, test data sources, object details, configuration modules, reporting and logs.


General Framework Structure:

Advantages:
1) Robust, flexible and extensible and support test automation on diverse sets of web applications across domains.
2) User-friendly interface for creation and execution of test suites.
3) Re-usability of code.
4) Increases test coverage to enhance the quality and reliability of the end product.
5) Easy maintenance.
6)Automated HTML report generation and emailing of the same to all stake holders

Types of Test Automation Frameworks
Data Driven Testing Framework
Keyword Driven Testing Framework
Hybrid Testing Framework
Page Object Model
1)Page Object Model

Now a days, Page Object Model become very popular test automation framework in Selenium, where web application pages are represented as classes, and the all the web elements on the page are defined as variables on the class. All possible user interactions can be implemented as methods on the class.

Please find the link for Page Object Model in Selenium.

2) Data Driven Framework

If you observe several times while testing an application, it may be required to test the same functionality multiple times with the different set of input data, In that situation, if you hard-coded the test data to automation test scripts will not useful for reusability. So instead of hard-coded test data you have to store it in external files like excel, xml, properties file, database, csv.
So in order to test the application, you have to connect with external files and get the test data from them.

How to work with Firefox browser using Selenium 3.0 beta 1

How to work with Firefox browser using Selenium 3.0 beta 1

Recently selenium has launched Selenium 3.0 beta 1 jar.In this post I will show you How to work with Firefox browser using Selenium 3.0 beta 1 jar.

Please follow the below steps:
Step:1
Just like the other drivers available to Selenium from other browser vendors, Mozilla has released now an executable that will run alongside the browser

In order to work with Firefox browser using Selenium 3 beta 1 jar, you need to use separate a driver which will interact with Firefox browser called as "Geckodriver".

Please find below link for downloading latest version of geckodriver.

https://github.com/mozilla/geckodriver/releases/download/v0.9.0/geckodriver-v0.9.0-win64.zip

Step:2
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "path/to/geckodriver.exe");

Step:3
driver = new FirefoxDriver();

Note: Still if you are using old versions of selenium jars(selenium 2) then you can skip first two steps.

Sample Code:
public class SampleTest {

 public WebDriver driver;

 @Test
 public void setup(){

  System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "E:/geckodriver.exe");
  driver = new FirefoxDriver();
  driver.manage().window().maximize();
  driver.get("http://www.facebook.com/");

  }

}

Email the selenium automation reports through SMTP

Email the selenium automation reports through SMTP
In this post I am going to explain how can we Email the reports after Selenium test execution
with the help of Java using java Mail libraries.

Download Javax Mail jar libraries in following link  and configure to your project.
Download Javax Mail Jar

In this post we are going to send Email through Gmail. So we have to configure SMTP settings of it.Please find the below SMTP Settings of Gmail.

Gmail SMTP settings

Please find the sample code for the same.

Sample Code:

import java.util.Properties;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;

public class SendMailUtility {


 //Send mail
 public  boolean sendMail(String userName,
        String passWord,
        String host,
        String port,
        String starttls,
        String auth,
        boolean debug,
        String socketFactoryClass,
        String fallback,
        String[] to,
        String[] cc,
        String[] bcc,
        String subject,
        String text,
        String attachmentPath,
        String attachmentName){
              Properties props = new Properties();
        props.put("mail.smtp.user", userName);
        props.put("mail.smtp.host", host);
               if(!"".equals(port))
        props.put("mail.smtp.port", port);
                if(!"".equals(starttls))
        props.put("mail.smtp.starttls.enable",starttls);
        props.put("mail.smtp.auth", auth);
              if(debug){
              props.put("mail.smtp.debug", "true");
              }else{
              props.put("mail.smtp.debug", "false");      
              }
              if(!"".equals(port))
        props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", port);
                if(!"".equals(socketFactoryClass))
        props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class",socketFactoryClass);
                if(!"".equals(fallback))
        props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.fallback", fallback);
        try
        {
            Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, null);
            session.setDebug(debug);
            //attachment start        
            Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
            MimeBodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
            DataSource source =
            new FileDataSource(attachmentPath);
            messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(
            new DataHandler(source));
            messageBodyPart.setFileName(attachmentName);
         
            //Message body
            messageBodyPart.addHeaderLine("Please find the attachement");
            multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
       
            // Attachment ends
             MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session);

            msg.setSubject(subject);
            msg.setContent(multipart);
       
            //msg.setText(text);
            System.out.println("text================>"+text);
            msg.setFrom(new InternetAddress(userName));

                        for(int i=0;i<to.length;i++){
            msg.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to[i]));

                        }
                        for(int i=0;i<cc.length;i++){
            msg.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.CC, new InternetAddress(cc[i]));
                        }
                        for(int i=0;i<bcc.length;i++){
            msg.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.BCC, new InternetAddress(bcc[i]));
                        }
            msg.saveChanges();
                        Transport transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
                        transport.connect(host, userName, passWord);
                        transport.sendMessage(msg, msg.getAllRecipients());
                        transport.close();

                        return true;
        }
        catch (Exception mex)

        {
            mex.printStackTrace();

            return false;
        }

 }

 //usage
 public static void main(String[] args){

  SendMailUtility utility = new SendMailUtility();
  //You can send to many number of members at a time by separating comma
  String[] to={"testingteam@gmail.com","tl@gmail.com"};
  String[] cc={"manager@gmail.com"};
        String[] bcc={"testingteam@gmail.com@gmail.com"};

  utility.sendMail(
    "Sampletest@gmail.com",
            "Test@123",
             "smtp.gmail.com",
             "465",
             "true",
             "true",
             true,
             "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory",
             "false",
             to,
             cc,
             bcc,
             "Automation Reports",                            
             "Please find the attached reports",
             "E:/WorkSpace/Practice/AutomationReports.zip",
             "AutomationReports.zip");

     System.out.println("Report has been sent through mail Successfully");
 
}
}

Cross Browser Testing using Selenium WebDriver

Cross Browser Testing using Selenium WebDriver

In this post I am going to explain how can we do Cross Browser Testing using Selenium.

If we are using Selenium WebDriver,In order to execute test cases using different browsers like Firefox, Chrome, Opera ,Internet Explorer we have to use TestNG framework.

Test.xml :
In TestNG, if we want execute same test case with different browsers we have to use Test.xml file.
Sample Code:
<suite name="CrossBrowserTesting" preserve-order="true" parallel="false" >
 
<test name="Smoketest" preserve-order="true">

<parameter name="browserName" value="firefox"></parameter>
 <!--
 <parameter name="browserName" value="ie"></parameter>
 <parameter name="browserName" value="chrome"></parameter>
 <parameter name="browserName" value="opera"></parameter>
  -->
<classes>

<class name="Configuration.HMSLogin"></class>
   
</classes>

</test>

</suite>

BrowserType.java
We have to pass "browserName" parameters from Test.xml and it will map with the BrowserType.java using @Parameters  annotation.
And the BrowserType.java will look like below
Sample Code:
import java.io.IOException;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.opera.OperaDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;

public class BrowserType {

 public static WebDriver driver;
 @BeforeClass
 @Parameters("browserName")
 public void setup(String browserName) throws IOException, InterruptedException{

  //open Firefox Browser
  //open the browser based on parameter passed in .xml file.
  if(browserName.equalsIgnoreCase("firefox")){
 
   //if you are using selenium 2.0
   driver = new FirefoxDriver();
 
   //if you are using selenium 3.0
   //System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "path/to/geckodriver.exe");
   //driver = new FirefoxDriver();
  }
  else if(browserName.equalsIgnoreCase("chrome")){
 
   //open chrome browser
   System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "E:/Selenium Training/Driver Files/chromedriver.exe");
   driver= new ChromeDriver();
  }

  else if(browserName.equalsIgnoreCase("ie")){
   //open Internet Explorer Browser
   System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "E:/Selenium Training/Driver Files/IEDriverServer.exe");
   driver= new InternetExplorerDriver();
 
  }
  else if(browserName.equalsIgnoreCase("opera")){
   //open opera Browser
   System.setProperty("webdriver.opera.driver", "E:/Selenium Training/Driver Files/operadriver.exe");
   driver= new OperaDriver();
 
  }
  //maximizing window
  driver.manage().window().maximize();

  //Navigating URL
  driver.get("http://www.facebook.com/");

  }
}

Testcase:
We have to extends BrowserType class to each test-suite and it will look like below
Sample Testcase code:
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class HMSLogin extends BrowserType {
 @Test(priority=1)
 public void Login() {

  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='username']")).clear();
  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='username']")).sendKeys("admin");

  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='password']")).clear();
  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='password']")).sendKeys("admin");

  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='submit']")).click();

}

}


finally execute the Test-suite by using Test.xml file.

TCS selenium webdriver interview questions

Tell me abt your project?

explain architecture of ur project?

what r roles and responsibilities in ur current project?

Exploratory testing?

what is d browser used in your project and how to use other browsersin selenium?

How many modules are there in your project? Can you name some 

How many bugs have you found

Give me egs of critical bugs in your application?

Explain how agile model was implemented in your project.?

How much would you rate yourself as test engineer justify it?

How do you handle Child Browser window?

How do you handle Alert pop up?

How do you test the functionality of a Wall Clock?

Say you have 100 regression test cases n you have 4 days to execute.But you can execute only 20 per day. 

What will you do in this situation? You have to execute all 100.you can’t leave any?

write a script  for google search?

You have 6 drop down list and for each drop down list there are 8 choices.

 How will you test this? How many test cases should be written

         

How To Handle Unexpected Alerts In Selenium WebDriver

I have one example where alert Is displaying when loading software web page. So we can check for alert Inside try catch block after page load as shown In bellow given example. After loading page,
It will check for alert. If alert Is there on the page then It will dismiss It else It will go to catch block and print message as shown In bellow given example.

Run bellow given example In eclipse with testng and observe the result.



import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class unexpected_alert {
 WebDriver driver;

 @BeforeTest
 public void setup() throws Exception {
  driver =new FirefoxDriver();  
  driver.manage().window().maximize();
  driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
  driver.get("http://any website alert");
 }

 @AfterTest
 public void tearDown() throws Exception {
  driver.quit();
 }

 @Test
 public void Text() throws InterruptedException {
  //To handle unexpected alert on page load.
  try{
   driver.switchTo().alert().dismiss();
  }catch(Exception e){
   System.out.println("unexpected alert not present");
  }

  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='fname']")).sendKeys("fname");
  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@name='lname']")).sendKeys("lname");
  driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@type='submit']")).click();
 }
}

Above given webdriver code Is just for example. It Is just explaining the way of using try catch block to handle unexpected alert.
You can use such try catch block In that area where you are facing unexpected alerts very frequently.

Datepicker Using Selenium Webdriver

Many applications are using jQuery Date pickers for selecting date.So selecting date picker using selenium is a not a difficult task.

In this post, I will explain how can we select date from a Date picker using  selenium webdriver.
Please find the below sample code for the same.

Sample code:
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.testng.annotations.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;

public class HandleDatePicker {
  private WebDriver driver;
  private String baseUrl;


  @BeforeClass
  public void setUp() throws Exception {
 System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "D:/Sudharsan/Official/Selenium  jars/chromedriver.exe");
 driver = new ChromeDriver();
    baseUrl = "http://jqueryui.com/datepicker/";
    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    driver.manage().window().maximize();
  }

  @Test
  public void testUntitled() throws Exception {
    driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    driver.get(baseUrl + "/or");
    driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("span.form-hint")).click();
    driver.findElement(By.id("txtUsername")).clear();
    driver.findElement(By.id("txtUsername")).sendKeys("Admin");
    driver.findElement(By.id("txtPassword")).clear();
    driver.findElement(By.id("txtPassword")).sendKeys("admin");
    driver.findElement(By.id("btnLogin")).click();
    Thread.sleep(5000);
    driver.findElement(By.xpath("//b[contains(.,'Leave')]")).click();

    //selecting date with different formats you can give with any one following
    selectDate("23 Jun 1991");

    //selectDate("23-06-1991");
    //selectDate("23/Jun/1991");
    //selectDate("23/06/1991");
    //selectDate("23 Jun 1991");

  }

  //Reusable Method for Selecting Date
  public void selectDate(String format){
   driver.findElement(By.className("ui-datepicker-trigger")).click();

   //identifying format
   String date[] = null;
   if(format.contains("-")){
     date =format.split("-");
   }
   else if(format.contains("/")){
      date =format.split("/");
   }
   else if(format.contains(" ")){
      date =format.split(" ");
   }
   //Splitting data
   String day=date[0];
   String month=date[1];
   String year=date[2];

   //Selecting data based on format
   if(month.length()==2){
    //selecting month if you are giving input format as dd-mm-yyyy
    new Select(driver.findElement(By.className("ui-datepicker-month"))).selectByIndex(Integer.parseInt(month)-1);
   }
   else if(month.length()!=2){
  //selecting month if you are giving input format as dd-mmm-yyyy
    new Select(driver.findElement(By.className("ui-datepicker-month"))).selectByVisibleText(month);
   }
   //selecting year
   new Select(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//select[@class='ui-datepicker-year']"))).selectByVisibleText(year);

    //click on day
    driver.findElement(By.linkText(day)).click();
     }
}