How to Create Object Repository in Selenium Webdriver- Selenium

Whenever you talk about repository by the name itself you can think thatit is kind of storage. Object repository is the collection of object and object here is locator.Object Repository in Selenium Webdriver is quite easy todesign so let’s get started.

Here locator means web element id, name, CSS, XPath, class name etc.

Object Repository in Selenium Webdriver

To understand an importance of Object repository, we will take real time scenario.

The scenario is you have 100 test cases and in all test cases, you have login scenario. If your application changes now and some locator changes like id changes from email to login email then you have to modify all the test cases and you have to change the id.

This process does not make any sense so to overcome with this we will move all locator in a separate file and we will link all test cases to this file.
In case any changes happen in our locator we will simply change in that file, not our test cases.

This will increase the modularity of test cases and I will strongly suggest thatyou should use Object Repository in Automation.

Object Repository in Selenium Webdriver- Selenium Tutorial Precondition

1- Project should be created and Selenium jars should be added- Click here to configure .

2- Now create a new file and give file name as Object_Repo (depends on you)with extension .
properties

For this right click on project > create a new file > Specify name

Select folder and specify name & extension

3- Now file is created > Double click on file > File will open in Edit mode

Object repository works on KEY and Value pair so we will specify Keys based on our project and in values we will give locator value.

In below example, I have taken xpath for username,password and loginbutton for facebook loginpage.

Key you can write based on your project standard, but value should be correct which is coming from application

<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">

facebook.login.username.xpath=.//*[@id='email']

facebook.login.password.xpath=.//*[@id='pass']

facebook.login.Signup.xpath=.//*[@id='loginbutton']</span>

4- Write Selenium script and use the same in script

Object Repository in Selenium Webdriver- Selenium Tutorial

package ObjectRepoExample;

<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;">import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.Properties;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class TestFacebook {

@Test

public void TestOR() throws IOException{

// Specify the file location I used . operation here because

//we have object repository inside project directory only

File src=new File(".Object_Repo.properties");

// Create  FileInputStream object

FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(src);

// Create Properties class object to read properties file

Properties pro=new Properties();

// Load file so we can use into our script

pro.load(fis);

System.out.println("Property class loaded");

// Open FirefoxBrowser

WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();

// Maximize window

driver.manage().window().maximize();

// Pass application

driver.get("http://www.facebook.com");

// Enter username here I used keys which is specified in Object repository.

// Here getProperty is method which

// will accept key and will return value for the same

driver.findElement(By.xpath(pro.getProperty("facebook.login.username.xpath"))).

sendKeys("Selenium@gmail.com");

// Enter password here I used keys which is specified in Object repository.

// Here getProperty is method which

// will accept key and will return value for the same

driver.findElement(By.xpath(pro.getProperty("facebook.login.password.xpath"))).

sendKeys("adsadasdas");

 / Click on login button here I used keys which is specified in Object repository.

// Here getProperty is method which

// will accept key and will return value for the same

driver.findElement(By.xpath(pro.getProperty("facebook.login.Signup.xpath"))).click(); 

}}

</span>

How to disable Selenium Testcases using TestNG Feature

Welcome to Selenium Tutorial, Today we are going to discuss very silent feature of TestNG which allow us to enable or disable our test case based on our requirement.

Why to Disable Selenium Test cases?

Before moving forward you should have Eclipse TestNG setup ready if still not configured then please doSelenium Eclipse setup now.

Once our test suite size will increase day by day then chances are high that you don’t want to execute some test cases.

Ok so let’s consider a scenario that you have written 10 testcases but now you want to execute only 5 testcase because other 5 are working correctly

How to Disable Selenium Test cases?

In TestNG we can achieve this by simply adding enable attribute and can set value to true/false.

1	@Test(enable=false)

If test case enable as false them while running test cases TestRunner simply will ignore this testcase and will only run testcase whose enable is set to true.

Note- By default @Test is set to enable

Scenario – I have 3 test case but I want to execute only 2 test case.

Precondition- TestNG should be installed

Program for – Disable Selenium Test cases

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class TestEnableTC {

@Test

public void testLoginApp(){

System.out.println("User is able to login successfully");

}

@Test(enabled=false)

public void testRegisteruser(){

System.out.println("User is able to register successfully");

}

@Test

public void testLogoutApp(){

System.out.println("User is able to logout successfully");

}

}

What is Cross Browser Testing in TestNG

                               What is Cross browser testing            
Cross browser, testing refers to testing the application in multiple browsers like IE, Chrome, Firefox so that we can test our application effectively.IE, Chrome, Firefox so that we can test our application effectively.

Cross browser, testing is very important concept in Automation because here the actual automation comes into the picture.

Example- Suppose if you have 20 test cases that you have to execute manually, so it is not a big deal right we can execute in 1 day or 2 days. However, if the same test cases you have to execute in five browsers it means 100 test cases then probably you will take one week or more than one week to do the same and it will be quite boring as well.

If you automate these 20 test cases and run them then it will not take more than one or two hour depends on your test case complexity.

Cross Browser Testing using Selenium Webdriver

To achieve this we will use TestNG parameter feature, we will pass parameter from TestNG.xml file, and based on our parameter Selenium will initiate our browsers.

In this scenario, we will run the same testcase with two different browser parallel.

Step 1- Write testcase
---------------------------------

package SampleTestcases;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class TestCase1 {

@Test

// Here this parameters we will take from testng.xml
@Parameters("Browser")
public  void test1(String browser) {

if(browser.equalsIgnoreCase("FF")){

WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();

driver.manage().window().maximize();

driver.get("http://www.facebook.com");

driver.quit();

}
else if(browser.equalsIgnoreCase("IE")){

System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "./server/IEDriverServer.exe");

WebDriver driver=new InternetExplorerDriver();

driver.manage().window().maximize();

driver.get("http://www.facebook.com");

driver.quit();
}
}

}
 Step 2- Create testng.xml and specify
------------------------------------------

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">
Here parallel is an attribute which specify the mode of execution and thread-count specify how many browser should open
<suite name="Suite" parallel="tests" thread-count="2">

<test name="Test">

<parameter name="Browser" value="FF" />

<classes>

<class name="SampleTestcases.TestCase1"/>

</classes>

</test>

<test name="Test1">

<parameter name="Browser" value="IE" />

<classes>

<class name="SampleTestcases.TestCase1"/>

</classes>

</test>

</suite>
Step 3- Run this xml file refer the below screenshot
------------------------------------------------------

Note- To create testng.xml- Right, click on your testcase then go to TestNG then convert to TestNG> It will generate testng.xml then make changes as per above xml file and finish. You will get testng.xml file inside the project

Different ways to get all "404 page not found" links using Selenium WebDriver

     Different ways to get all "404 page not found" links         

In this post, I will explain the most convenient way using Selenium WebDriver to get all the links from web page and verifying each page contains specific like 404 or Page not found in different ways.

//Following ways to identify 404 links

By using page title

By using page source

By using response code of page URL     

  

Please find the below code for the same.

Sample Code:

import java.io.IOException;

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

import java.net.MalformedURLException;

import java.net.URL;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class GetAllLinks {

 public WebDriver driver;

 ArrayList<String> al ;

 @BeforeClass

 public void setup(){

  driver = new FirefoxDriver();

  driver.get("http://www.facebook.com/");

  driver.manage().window().maximize();

  

 }

 @Test

 public void identifyBrokenAnd404Links() throws MalformedURLException, IOException{

  

      al = new ArrayList<String>();

  

    //identifying total number of URls in a page

    List<WebElement> links = driver.findElements(By.tagName("a")); 

    System.out.println(links.size());

   

           //for Getting all links from page

          for (int i = 0;i<links.size(); i++) {

      

        //get one by one URL href value

        String URL=links.get(i).getAttribute("href"); 

       

        //Removing unwanted URLS based on http or https

        if(links.get(i).getAttribute("href").contains("https")||links.get(i).getAttribute("href").contains("http"))

        {

        System.out.println(URL);

       

         //storing all in URL's in array list

         al.add(URL);

       

        }

          }

     

          //Identifying  broken and 404 links

         

          for(int i=0;i<al.size();i++){

           

           //Navigating each URL

           driver.get(al.get(i));

           

           //getting response Code for the link

           int statusCode= ResponseCode(al.get(i));

           //verifying 404 links using page title

           

           if(driver.getTitle().contains("404")){

            

            System.out.println("404 link is  "+al.get(i));

            

           }

           

           //verifying 404 links using page source

           else if(driver.getPageSource().contains("404 page not found")){

            

            System.out.println("404 link is  "+al.get(i));

            

           }

           //verifying 404 links using status code

           else if(statusCode==404){

            

            System.out.println("404 link is  "+al.get(i));

           } 

           

           

          } 

  }

    //method for generating response code for URL

     public static int ResponseCode(String URL) throws MalformedURLException, IOException {     

        URL url = new URL(URL); 

        HttpURLConnection huc = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); 

        huc.setRequestMethod("GET"); 

        huc.connect(); 

        return huc.getResponseCode(); 

     } 

}

              

Data Driven Framework in Selenium Webdriver

             Data driven framework in selenium web driver 

this framework purely depends on data and data source can be anything like Excel file, CSV File, database.

In data driven framework script will be separated from Data part, it means so if any changes happen we do not have to modify all the test cases.

Example-
I have to create 50 Gmail accounts so I have two approaches to do this

First- I can create 50 scripts and run them.

Second- I can keep all data separate in the file and changes the data only that is required for script and script will be only one. In future, any changes in my application then I have to modify my one script only not fifty.

In simple words when we have to execute same script, multiple sets of data we will adopt data driven framework

In this post, we are taking data from 2D Array and feeding data into script

Scenario 1- Open Facebook and type username and password and login
this test case should run 2 times with different set of data(data we have provided in the 2D array)

Lest Implement the same

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class TestDDT {

// this will take data from dataprovider which we created
@Test(dataProvider="testdata")
public void TestFireFox(String uname,String password){

// Open browsre
WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();


// Maximize browser
driver.manage().window().maximize();


// Load application
driver.get("http://www.facebook.com");


// clear email field

driver.findElement(By.id("email")).clear();


// Enter usename
driver.findElement(By.id("email")).sendKeys(uname);

// Clear password field
driver.findElement(By.id("pass")).clear();


// Enter password
driver.findElement(By.id("pass")).sendKeys(password);
}
// this is DataProvider which actually feed data to our test cases here I have taken 2 D //array with 2 rows and 2 column it means. It will run our test case two times because we //have taken 2 rows. While first iteration this will pass username and password to test //case and in second iteration perform the same for second rows

@DataProvider(name="testdata")
public Object[][] TestDataFeed(){

// Create object array with 2 rows and 2 column- first parameter is row and second is //column
Object [][] facebookdata=new Object[2][2];

// Enter data to row 0 column 0
facebookdata[0][0]="Selenium1@gmail.com";


// Enter data to row 0 column 1
facebookdata[0][1]="Password1";


// Enter data to row 1 column 0
facebookdata[1][0]="Selenium2@gmail.com";

// Enter data to row 1 column 0
facebookdata[1][1]="Password2";

// return arrayobject to testscript
return facebookdata;
}

}</span>

Data driven framework in selenium webdriver using Excel files
In above post, we have seen data driven using 2D array but once your test data will increase then you have to switch to Excel or CSV or Database.

Create some test data in Excel that we will pass to the script. For demo purpose, I have to take username and password in Excel.
Before implement the program please make sure you are familiar with Reading Data from Excel.
Copy below program and before executing make sure following Thing configured correctly.

Eclipse, TestNG, JExcel jar
Scenario -Open Facebook and login with different username and password
username and password will be coming from excel sheet

Note- in below program we have 2 rows only so test case will execute 2 times with different data
package DataDrivenTesting;

import java.io.IOException;
import jxl.Sheet;
import jxl.Workbook;
import jxl.read.biff.BiffException;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class TestDDT1 {

WebDriver driver;
Workbook wb;
Sheet sh1;
int numrow;
String username;
String password;

@BeforeTest
public void Setup()

{
driver=new FirefoxDriver();
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.get("http://www.facebook.com");
}

@Test(dataProvider="testdata")
public void TestFireFox(String uname,String password1)

{

driver.findElement(By.id("email")).clear();
driver.findElement(By.id("email")).sendKeys(uname);
driver.findElement(By.id("pass")).clear();
driver.findElement(By.id("pass")).sendKeys(password1);
}

@DataProvider(name="testdata")
public Object[][] TestDataFeed(){

try {

// load workbook
wb=Workbook.getWorkbook(new File("location of excel sheet/fbdata.xls"));

// load sheet in my case I am referring to first sheet only
sh1= wb.getSheet(0);

// get number of rows so that we can run loop based on this
numrow=  sh1.getRows();
}
catch (Exception e)

{
e.printStackTrace();
}

// Create 2 D array and pass row and columns
Object [][] facebookdata=new Object[numrow][sh1.getColumns()];

// This will run a loop and each iteration  it will fetch new row
for(int i=0;i<numrow;i++){

// Fetch first row username
facebookdata[i][0]=sh1.getCell(0,i).getContents();
// Fetch first row password
facebookdata[i][1]=sh1.getCell(1,i).getContents();

}

// Return 2d array object so that test script can use the same
return facebookdata;
}

@AfterTest
public void QuitTC(){

// close browser after execution
driver.quit();
}

}</span>

I hope you have enjoyed the data driven framework in selenium webdriver and Hope you will implement the same. If you still have any doubt then let me know in the comment section. You can implement the same data driven framework using POM (Page Object model ) which will be the advanced version of data driven framework in selenium webdriver.



Kindly share this with your friends as well

POM Framework Using With Page Factory and With out Page Factory

What is Page Object model using Selenium Webdriver?

Page Object Model using Selenium Webdriver and Implementation

1- It is design pattern in which will help you to maintain the codeand code duplication,

  which is a crucial thing in Test automation.

2- You can store all locators and respective methods inthe separateclass and Call them from the test in which you have to use.So the benefit from this will be if any changes in Page the you do not have to modify the test simply modify the respective page and that all.

3- You can create a layer between your test script and application page, which you have to automate.

4- In other words, it will behave as Object repository where all locators are saved.

“Please don’t get confused if you are using Object repository concept then do not use Page Object model because both will serve the same purpose.

Implementation of Page Object model using Selenium WebdriverIf you want to implement

 Page Object model then you have two choices and you can use any of it.

1 – Page Object model without PageFactory

2- Page Object Model with Pagefactory.

Personally, I am a big fan of Page Factory, which comes with Cache Lookup feature, which allows me to store frequently used locators in catch so that performance will be faster. We will discuss both you can implement based on your preferences.

Page Object Model With out page Factory

  Let’s take very basic scenario which you can relate to any application. Consider you have login page where username, password, and login button is present.

I will create a separate Login Page, will store three locators, and will create methods to access them. Kindly refer below screenshot for reference.

Now I want to design test case so I can use the Login class, which I created and can call the methods accordingly.

This Login class will be used by all the scripts, which you will create in future so if any changes happened then you have to update only Login Class not all the test cases. This sounds good right.

Program for Page Object Model using Selenium Webdriver without Page factory
package com.Facebook.Pages;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.CacheLookup;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.How;

/**
* @author jagan
* 
* 
* This class will store all the locator and methods of login page
*
*/
public class LoginPage 
{
WebDriver driver;
By username=By.id("user_login");
By password=By.xpath(".//*[@id='user_pass']");
By loginButton=By.name("wp-submit");
public LoginPage(WebDriver driver)
{
this.driver=driver;
}
public void loginToFacebook(String userid,String pass)
{

driver.findElement(username).sendKeys(userid);
driver.findElement(password).sendKeys(pass);
driver.findElement(loginButton).click();
}
public void typeUserName(String uid)
{
driver.findElement(username).sendKeys(uid);
}
public void typePassword(String pass)
{
driver.findElement(password).sendKeys(pass);
}
 public void clickOnLoginButton()
{
driver.findElement(loginButton).click();
}
}
TestCase using Page Object Model using Selenium Webdriver
package com.Facebook.Testcases;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import com.Facebook.Pages.LoginPage;

/**
* @author Jagan
*
*/
public class VerifyFacebookLogin 
{
@Test
public void verifyFacebookLogin()
{
WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();
driver.manage().window().maximize();
driver.get("http://www.facebook.com");
LoginPage login=new LoginPage(driver):
login.clickOnLoginButton();
driver.quit();
}
}
Page Object Model using Selenium Webdriver with Page Factory
Selenium has built in class called PageFactory, which they mainly created for Page Object purpose, which allows you to store elements in cache lookup.

The only difference, which you will get without PageFactory and with PageFactory, is just initElement statement.Let us check the code and will see what changes required for with PageFactory Approach

Code for Page Object Model Using Selenium Webdriver using Page Factory

package com.Facebook.Pages;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.CacheLookup;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.How;
public class LoginPageNew 
{
WebDriver driver;
public LoginPageNew(WebDriver ldriver)
{
this.driver=ldriver;
}
@FindBy(id="user_login") 
@CacheLookup
WebElement username; 
@FindBy(how=How.ID,using="user_pass")
@CacheLookup
WebElement password;
@FindBy(how=How.XPATH,using=".//*[@id='wp-submit']")
@CacheLookup
WebElement submit_button;
@FindBy(how=How.LINK_TEXT,using="Lost your password?")
@CacheLookup
WebElement forget_password_link;
public void login_Facebook(String uid,String pass)
{
username.sendKeys(uid);
password.sendKeys(pass);
submit_button.click();
} 
}

                Test Case using Page Factory

package com.facebook.Testcases;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import com.wordpress.Pages.LoginPage;
import com.wordpress.Pages.LoginPageNew;
import Helper.BrowserFactory;
public class VerifyValidLogin 
{
 @Test
public void checkValidUser()
{
// This will launch browser and specific url 
WebDriver driver=BrowserFactory.startBrowser("firefox", "http://www.facebook.com");
// Created Page Object using Page Factory
LoginPageNew login_page=PageFactory.initElements(driver, LoginPageNew.class);
// Call the method
login_page.login_wordpress("jagan", "jagan768");
}
}